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1.
ImplantNewsPerio ; 1(1): 58-66, jan.-fev. 2016. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-846988

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre o laser de baixa intensidade (LLLT) e seus efeitos na osseointegração dos implantes de titânio. Material e métodos: uma busca eletrônica foi realizada nos bancos de dados PubMed/Medline e Cochrane Library, entre 1995 e 2015, limitando-se aos artigos em inglês e usando as seguintes palavras-chave: "LLLT", "dental implant" e "osseointegration", combinadas por operadores booleanos. Resultados: das 96 referências analisadas inicialmente, apenas 17 artigos foram incluídos (15 estudos em animais, dois estudos em humanos). Quinze artigos mostraram efeitos positivos da LLLT, enquanto dois foram neutros. Houve grande variabilidade no uso da LLLT, sobretudo no que se refere à dose utilizada, ao número de sessões, à energia de irradiação, e ao comprimento de onda. Conclusão: mais pesquisas sobre este tema são necessárias, utilizando doses padronizadas, assim como comprimento de onda e protocolos de aplicação pré-definidos.


Objective: to perform a systematic review on low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and its effects on the osseointegration of titanium implants. Material and methods: an electronic search was on the PubMed/Medline database and Cochrane Library between 1995 e 2015, restricted to the English literature and using the keywords: "LLLT", "dental implant", and "osseointegration" combined by Boolean operators. Results: from the 96 initially retrieved references, only 17 articles were included (15 animal studies, 2 human studies). Fifteen articles showed positive effects, while only two demonstrated neutral effects of LLLT. A great variability was found on LLLT regarding doses, number of sessions, energy, and wavelengths used. Conclusion: further research on this topic need to be made using standard doses, wavelengths, and pre-defi ned application protocols.


Subject(s)
Humans , Laser Therapy , Lasers/statistics & numerical data , Low-Level Light Therapy , Osseointegration/radiation effects
2.
Braz. dent. j ; 24(3): 218-223, May-Jun/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-681859

ABSTRACT

Use of biomaterials and light on bone grafts has been widely reported. This work assessed the influence of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on bone volume (BV) and bone implant contact (BIC) interface around implants inserted in blocks of bovine or autologous bone grafts (autografts), irradiated or not, in rabbit femurs. Twenty-four adult rabbits were divided in 8 groups: AG: autograft; XG: xenograft; AG/L: autograft + laser; XG/L: xenograft + laser; AG/I: autograft + titanium (Ti) implant; XG/I: xenograft + Ti implant; AG/I/L: autograft + Ti implant + laser; and XG/I/L: xenograft + Ti implant + laser. The animals received the Ti implant after incorporation of the grafts. The laser parameters in the groups AG/L and XG/L were λ=780 nm, 70 mW, CW, 21.5 J/cm 2 , while in the groups AG/I/L and XG/I/L the following parameters were used: λ=780 nm, 70 mW, 0.5 cm 2 (spot), 4 J/cm 2 per point (4), 16 J/cm 2 per session, 48 h interval × 12 sessions, CW, contact mode. LLLT was repeated every other day during 2 weeks. To avoid systemic effect, only one limb of each rabbit was double grafted. All animals were sacrificed 9 weeks after implantation. Specimens were routinely stained and histomorphometry carried out. Comparison of non-irradiated and irradiated grafts (AG/L versus AG and XG/L versus XG) showed that irradiation increased significantly BV on both grafts (p=0.05, p=0.001). Comparison between irradiated and non-irradiated grafts (AG/I/L versus AG/I and XG/I/L versus XG/I) showed a significant (p=0.02) increase of the BIC in autografts. The same was seen when xenografts were used, without significant difference. The results of this investigation suggest that the use of LLLT is effective for enhancing new bone formation with consequent increase of bone-implant interface in both autologous grafts and xenografts.


O uso de biomateriais e luz em enxertos ósseos têm sido relatados. Esse trabalho avaliou a influência do laser baixa potência - LBP no volume ósseo (VO) e superfície de contato osso-implante (COI) ao redor de implantes dentários inseridos em blocos de enxerto bovino ou autólogos incorporados, irradiados ou não, em fêmures de coelho. Vinte e quatro coelhos adultos foram divididos em 8 grupos: EA: enxerto autólogo; EX: enxerto xenógeno; EA/L: enxerto autólogo + laser; EX/L: enxerto xenógeno + laser; EA/I: enxerto autólogo + implante; EX/I: enxerto xenógeno + implante; EA/I/L: enxerto autólogo + implante de titânio + laser; EX/I/L: enxerto xenógeno + implante de titânio + laser. Os animais receberam um implante de titânio após a incorporação dos enxertos. Os parâmetros de laser nos grupos EA/L e EX/L foram λ =780 nm, 70 mW, CW, 21,5 J/cm 2 ), enquanto que nos grupos EA/I/L e EX/I/L os seguintes parâmetros de laser foram utilizados: λ =780 nm, 70 mW, 0,5 cm 2 (spot), 4 J/cm 2 por ponto (4), 16 J/cm 2 por sessão, intervalo de 48 h × 12 sessões, CW, modo contato. O LBP foi repetido a cada 48 h (2 semanas). Para evitar efeito sistêmico apenas um membro de cada coelho foi duplamente enxertado. Todos os animais foram sacrificados 9 semanas após o implante. Os espécimes foram corados rotineiramente e histomorfometria foi realizada. A comparação dos enxertos não-irradiados e irradiados (EA/L versus EA e EX/L versus EX) mostrou que a irradiação aumentou significantemente (p=0,02) o VO para ambos os tipos de enxertos (p=0,05, p=0,001). A comparação dos enxertos não-irradiados e irradiados (EA/I/L versus EA/I e EX/I/L versus EX/I) mostrou um aumento significante (p=0,02) do COI nos enxertos autólogos e xenógenos sem diferença estatística. Os resultados desta investigação sugerem que o uso de LBP é efetivo para aumentar a neoformação óssea com consequente aumento do COI em enxertos autólogos e xenógenos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Female , Rabbits , Autografts/transplantation , Bone Transplantation/methods , Dental Implants , Heterografts/transplantation , Low-Level Light Therapy/methods , Osteogenesis/physiology , Autografts/pathology , Autografts/radiation effects , Dental Prosthesis Design , Dental Materials/chemistry , Femur/pathology , Femur/surgery , Heterografts/pathology , Heterografts/radiation effects , Organ Size , Osseointegration/physiology , Osseointegration/radiation effects , Osteogenesis/radiation effects , Radiotherapy Dosage , Titanium/chemistry
3.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 79(2): 185-189, mar.-abr. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-673225

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o resultado da osseointegração de implantes extraorais lemento de suporte e retenção de próteses nas reabilitações de deformidades faciais. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de prontuários de 59 indivíduos operados de câncer, submetidos a 164 implantes para retenção de prótese facial. RESULTADOS: Dos 59 indivíduos, 14 foram previamente irradiados e receberam 42 implantes. Quarenta e cinco indivíduos não foram irradiados e receberam 122 implantes. Do total de 164 implantes, oito não osseointegraram, dos quais dois foram instalados em osso previamente irradiados. O resultado representou o sucesso de 116 (95,1%) implantes osseointegrados nos indivíduos não irradiados. E sucesso de 40 (95,3%) implantes osseointegrados em ossos irradiados. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que o uso de implantes extraorais é uma técnica segura e eficaz como suporte e retenção para próteses faciais em indivíduos com deformidades nessa região. A radioterapia não impede a osseointegração.


The aim of this study is to analyze the success of extraoral osseointegrated implants used to support designed to rehabilitate craniofacial deformities. METHOD: This study was based on the retrospective assessment of charts from 59 patients submitted to cancer surgery and who received 164 extraoral implants to contain facial prosthesis. RESULTS: Among 164 implants, 42 were fixed in previously irradiated regions. Eight of the implants did not have osseointegration; and from these, two were fixed in irradiated bone. The result show 116 (95.1%) successfully osseointegrated implants in non-irradiated sites. The success rate among 42 implants fixed in previously irradiated bones was 40 (95.3%) osseointegrated implants. CONCLUSION: The use of extraoral craniofacial implants represents a safe and effective approach to treat facial deformities as a support for the rehabilitation prosthesis. Radiotherapy treatment does not prevent osseointegration.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Facial Bones/radiation effects , Osseointegration/radiation effects , Prosthesis Implantation , Skull Neoplasms/surgery , Cranial Irradiation , Prosthesis Design , Prosthesis Retention , Skull Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Treatment Outcome
4.
Braz. dent. j ; 21(6): 491-498, 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-572294

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) by using gallium aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser on human osteoblastic cells grown on titanium (Ti). Osteoblastic cells were obtained by enzymatic digestion of human alveolar bone and cultured on Ti discs for up to 17 days. Cells were exposed to LLLT at 3 J/cm2 (wavelength of 780 nm) at days 3 and 7 and non-irradiated cultures were used as control. LLLT treatment did not influence culture growth, ALP activity, and mineralized matrix formation. Analysis of cultures by epifluorescence microscopy revealed an area without cells in LLLT treated cultures, which was repopulated latter with proliferative and less differentiated cells. Gene expression of ALP, OC, BSP, and BMP-7 was higher in LLLT treated cultures, while Runx2, OPN, and OPG were lower. These results indicate that LLLT modulates cell responses in a complex way stimulating osteoblastic differentiation, which suggests possible benefits on implant osseointegration despite a transient deleterious effect immediately after laser irradiation.


Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o efeito do laser diodo de gálio-alumínio-arsênio (GaAlAs) em células osteoblásticas humanas cultivadas sobre discos de Ti. Para tanto, células osteoblásticas foram obtidas por digestão enzimática de osso alveolar humano e cultivadas sobre discos de Ti por 17 dias. As células foram submetidas à irradiação no 3º e 7º dias na dose de 3 J/cm2 e comprimento de onda de 780 nm e células não irradiadas foram usadas como controle. A irradiação não alterou a proliferação celular, atividade de ALP e formação de matriz mineralizada. Microscopia por epifluorescência indicou que após 24 h da aplicação do laser, as culturas irradiadas apresentaram áreas sem células, que mais tarde foram repovoadas por células em fase de proliferação e menos diferenciadas. O laser aumentou a expressão gênica relativa da ALP, OC, BSP e BMP-7 e reduziu a de RUNX2, OPN e OPG. Os resultados indicam que a terapia com laser modula de forma complexa as respostas celulares, estimulando a diferenciação osteoblástica. Assim, é possível sugerir possíveis benefícios do laser na osseointegração de implantes de Ti apesar do efeito deletério às células imediatamente após a irradiação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Matrix/growth & development , Gene Expression/radiation effects , Low-Level Light Therapy , Osseointegration/radiation effects , Osteoblasts/radiation effects , Analysis of Variance , Alkaline Phosphatase/biosynthesis , Alkaline Phosphatase/genetics , /biosynthesis , /genetics , Cells, Cultured/radiation effects , Collagen Type I/biosynthesis , Collagen Type I/genetics , Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/biosynthesis , Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/genetics , Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein/biosynthesis , Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein/genetics , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/biosynthesis , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics , Lasers, Semiconductor/therapeutic use , Osteoblasts/metabolism , Osteocalcin/biosynthesis , Osteocalcin/genetics , Osteopontin/biosynthesis , Osteopontin/genetics , Osteoprotegerin/biosynthesis , Osteoprotegerin/genetics , RANK Ligand/biosynthesis , RANK Ligand/genetics , Statistics, Nonparametric , Titanium
5.
Actas odontol ; 6(1): 28-43, ene.-jun. 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-532835

ABSTRACT

El metabolismo celular es oxígeno-dependiente en su normal desarrollo; más aún cuando los tejidos enfrentan una injuria, traumática o quirúrgica, luego de la cual deben reparar o regenerar en condiciones iniciales de hipoxia local. Es aquí donde cobra singular importancia la llegada del oxígeno suficiente a la herida para que se disparen los mecanismos de cicatrización. La aplicación del Oxígeno Hiperbárico logra con creces concentraciones de dicho elemento en la zona injuriada, obteniendo resultados sorprendentes en la cicatrización principalmente de aquellos tejidos crónicamente afectados en su irrigación sanguínea.


During normal development, cellular metabolism is oxygen dependent, even more when tissues have to face a traumatic or surgical injury. The tissues are forced to recover. After injury they should repair or regenerate under initial local hypoxia conditions. This is the moment when sufficient oxygen has to get to the wound. It is very important for healing mechanism tostart Hyperbaric Oxygen application that generates high concentration of this element in the injury area. Amazing results are obtained, mainly in those chronically affected tissues with poor blood supply.


Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Implants , Hyperbaric Oxygenation , Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Osseointegration/radiation effects , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome
6.
Braz. oral res ; 23(2): 137-143, 2009. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-522293

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate, using a biomechanical test, the force needed to remove implants with surface modification by laser (Nd:YAG) in comparison with implants with machined surfaces. Twenty-four rabbits received one implant with each surface treatment in the tibia, machined surface (MS) and laser-modified surface (LMS). After 4, 8 and 12 weeks of healing, the removal torque was measured by a torque gauge. The surfaces studied were analyzed according to their topography, chemical composition and roughness. The average removal torque in each period was 23.28, 24.0 and 33.85 Ncm for MS, and 33.0, 39.87 and 54.57 Ncm for LMS, respectively. The difference between the surfaces in all periods of evaluation was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Surface characterization showed that a deep and regular topography was provided by the laser conditioning, with a great quantity of oxygen ions when compared to the MS. The surface micro-topography analysis showed a statistical difference (p < 0.01) between the roughness of the LMS (Ra = 1.38 ± 0.23 ìm) when compared to that of the MS (Ra = 0.33 ± 0.06 ìm). Based on these results, it was possible to conclude that the LMS implants' physical-chemical properties increased bone-implant interaction when compared to the MS implants.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Dental Prosthesis Retention , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Implants, Experimental , Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use , Osseointegration/radiation effects , Titanium/chemistry , Ablation Techniques , Analysis of Variance , Biomechanical Phenomena , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Osseointegration/physiology , Surface Properties/radiation effects , Tibia , Time Factors , Torque , Titanium/radiation effects , Wound Healing/physiology , Wound Healing/radiation effects
7.
Rev. Assoc. Paul. Cir. Dent ; 56(1): 31-35, jan.-fev. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-308421

ABSTRACT

O uso de radiaçäo ionizante como método de diagnóstico na Implantodontia tem sido desencorajado devido à possibilidade de ocorrerem efeitos deletérios na cicatrizaçäo e remodelaçäo óssea ao redor dos implantes. Embora alguns estudos já tenham sido realizados objetivando estabelecer como esse processo se daria, os resultados ainda säo inconclusivos e controversos. É sabido, no entanto, que outros tipos de radiaçäo ionizante podem causar alteraçöes teciduais e celulares com complicaçöes para a cicatrizaçäo e predisposiçäo à osteorradionecrose. Dessa forma, o próposito desta revisäo é discutir os efeitos deletérios da radiaçäo ionizante durante o período da osseointegraçäo de implantes dentais


Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Osseointegration/radiation effects , Radiation, Ionizing
9.
In. Parise Junior, Orlando. Câncer de boca: aspectos básicos e terapêuticos. Säo Paulo, Sarvier, 2000. p.220-34, ilus. (BR).
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-298371
10.
JBC j. bras. odontol. clín ; 2(11): 39-42, set.-out. 1998. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-298298

ABSTRACT

Este artigo trata da abordagem de duas terapêuticas, sendo uma invasiva ou cirúrgica com implante dental, e a outra näo-invasiva e coadjuvante com um aparelho laser semicondutor de baixa potência indicado para uso em odontestomatologia. Essa associaçäo permite que pós-operatórios cirúrgicos näo sejam necessariamente acompanhados de drogas sistêmicas analgésicas e antinflamatórias, devido aos efeitos característicos desse tipo de radiaçäo, representadas também por sua capacidade de estimulaçäo tecidual, levando-nos a buscar também acelerar o resultado clínico almejado. O caso clínico registra o pós-operatório de uma cirurgia com implante osseointegrado do tipo micro-mini, onde os resultados da laserterapia de baixa potência no controle da dor e edema foram surpreendentes clinicamente; além disso, na proservaçäo radiográfica levantamos a hipótese da ocorrência na aceleraçäo do fenômeno biológico e genuíno da osseointegraçäo


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Lasers/therapeutic use , Osseointegration/radiation effects , Pain, Postoperative/radiotherapy , Edema/radiotherapy , Lasers/standards
11.
New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The]. 1994; 11 (Supp. 2): 130-9
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-34935

ABSTRACT

In this study, 10 root-form endosseous screw type implants [impladrill] were placed immediately into freshly extracted bony sockets of upper central incisors, for 10 patients. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, 5 patients each. In group A, the implants were inserted, and the implant site was sutured. While, in group B, soft laser beam was applied to the implant site. The implant was left, unloaded and submerged into the bone, for a healing period of 6 months. At the end of this healing period, each implant head [super structure] was inserted in place, an impression was taken, and a porcelain crown was fabricated. The crown was cemented in place within 1-2 weeks. The healing process was evaluated clinically after one week postoperatively, then after 1, 3, 6 and 9 months after the fixation of the crown. The results of this study suggested that immediate placement of endosseous implants into a fresh extraction site is possible predictable and a simple procedure, thereby, shortening the total treatment time. There is no difference between the conventional implantation and the immediate one. Also, there is no difference between the studied cases with the use of soft laser. The soft laser application has only showed some improvement in flap healing


Subject(s)
Osseointegration/radiation effects , Lasers , Tooth Extraction
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